Denmark vs European Union: Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
Denmark
3.0%
in 2023
European Union
2.3%
in 2023
Denmark rank
11th
European Union rank
10th
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) over time
- Denmark
- European Union
How they compare
Denmark currently reports 3.0% against 2.3% in European Union, a difference of 0.7%.
That makes Denmark's figure about 1.3 times European Union's.
Across all 28 years both countries report, Denmark has been ahead every year.
Denmark ranks 11th and European Union ranks 10th of 116 countries.
Denmark has averaged higher in every one of the 4 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Denmark | European Union | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.0% | 1.7% | 0.2% | Denmark |
| 2000s | 2.5% | 1.8% | 0.7% | Denmark |
| 2010s | 3.0% | 2.1% | 0.9% | Denmark |
| 2020s | 2.9% | 2.3% | 0.7% | Denmark |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher research and development expenditure, Denmark or European Union?
- Denmark, at 3.0% against 2.3% in European Union as of 2023.
- What is the difference in research and development expenditure between Denmark and European Union?
- 0.7%, with Denmark ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Denmark and European Union?
- 28 years are reported by both, from 1996 to 2023.
- How do Denmark and European Union rank globally for research and development expenditure?
- Denmark ranks 11th and European Union ranks 10th of 116 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.