Japan vs United States: Research & development spending as a share of GDP

Japan
3.4%
in 2023
United States
3.4%
in 2023
Japan rank
5th
United States rank
4th

Research & development spending as a share of GDP over time

  • Japan
  • United States
0123199620092023

How they compare

United States currently reports 3.4% against 3.4% in Japan, a difference of 0.0%.

The two have swapped places 1 time across 28 shared years of data; in 1996 it was Japan ahead.

Japan ranks 5th and United States ranks 4th of 116 countries.

Across the 4 decades both report, Japan averaged higher in 3 and United States in 1.

Head to head by decade

Decade Japan United States Difference Ahead
1990s 2.8% 2.5% 0.3% Japan
2000s 3.1% 2.6% 0.5% Japan
2010s 3.2% 2.8% 0.4% Japan
2020s 3.3% 3.5% 0.1% United States

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher research & development spending as a share of gdp, Japan or United States?
United States, at 3.4% against 3.4% in Japan as of 2023.
What is the difference in research & development spending as a share of gdp between Japan and United States?
0.0%, with United States ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Japan and United States?
28 years are reported by both, from 1996 to 2023.
How do Japan and United States rank globally for research & development spending as a share of gdp?
Japan ranks 5th and United States ranks 4th of 116 countries.
Where does this data come from?
UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as Research & development spending as a share of GDP. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Individual pages

About this data

Indicator
Research & development spending as a share of GDP
Unit
% of GDP
Source
UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
116 places, 2,375 data points, 1996–2024
Last refreshed

Includes basic research, applied research, and experimental development.