Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain
Spain: Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) was 49.2% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain, 1997–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
Analysis
In 2023, female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain stood at 49.2%.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.9% on the previous year and down 10.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain peaked at 58.2% in 2004 and was at its lowest, 36.0%, in 1999.
That places Spain 22nd out of 53 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 26 years of available data.
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1997 | 37.7% | — |
| 1999 | 36.0% | -4.4% |
| 2000 | 44.5% | +23.6% |
| 2001 | 52.0% | +16.7% |
| 2002 | 47.1% | -9.5% |
| 2003 | 56.5% | +20.2% |
| 2004 | 58.2% | +2.9% |
| 2005 | 58.1% | -0.1% |
| 2006 | 47.1% | -19.0% |
| 2007 | 51.8% | +10.0% |
| 2008 | 50.1% | -3.2% |
| 2009 | 47.1% | -6.1% |
| 2010 | 46.9% | -0.4% |
| 2011 | 46.6% | -0.6% |
| 2012 | 53.2% | +14.1% |
| 2013 | 54.7% | +2.9% |
| 2014 | 56.2% | +2.8% |
| 2015 | 53.7% | -4.6% |
| 2016 | 47.8% | -11.0% |
| 2017 | 52.7% | +10.2% |
| 2018 | 52.2% | -0.8% |
| 2019 | 51.1% | -2.1% |
| 2020 | 50.8% | -0.6% |
| 2021 | 49.6% | -2.4% |
| 2022 | 50.7% | +2.2% |
| 2023 | 49.2% | -2.9% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 49.2% is above the median for high income countries, which is 48.4%, 1.0× the median. (26 countries reporting)
- Spain's 49.2% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 48.2%, 1.0× the median. (29 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 36.9% | 36.0% | 37.7% | 2 |
| 2000s | 51.3% | 44.5% | 58.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | 51.5% | 46.6% | 56.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 50.1% | 49.2% | 50.8% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More science & technology data for Spain
- Mobile landline subscriptions, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 130.26 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.28 units per person (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, gaps filled 62.41 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per square kilometre 122.45 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, annual growth rate 1.99 % change on previous year (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, annual growth rate 1.99 % change on previous year (2024)
- Scientific and technical journal articles 60,304 (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.0012 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain?
- Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain was 49.2% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 58.2% in 2004.
- What is the lowest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 36.0% in 1999.
- How does Spain rank for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte)?
- Spain ranks 22nd out of 53 countries with data for 2023.
- Is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 10.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) - Private non-profit. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 26 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release