Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in Netherlands
Netherlands: Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) was 2.3% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Research and development expenditure in Netherlands, 1996–2023
Source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2023, research and development expenditure in Netherlands stood at 2.3%. That is the highest value across all 28 years on record.
That represents a change of up 4.2% on the previous year and up 6.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure in Netherlands peaked at 2.3% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 1.6%, in 2008.
That places Netherlands 15th out of 116 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in Netherlands, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 1.8% | — |
| 1997 | 1.8% | +0.2% |
| 1998 | 1.7% | -5.5% |
| 1999 | 1.8% | +4.6% |
| 2000 | 1.8% | -1.7% |
| 2001 | 1.8% | +0.2% |
| 2002 | 1.7% | -2.9% |
| 2003 | 1.8% | +2.1% |
| 2004 | 1.8% | +0.3% |
| 2005 | 1.8% | -0.8% |
| 2006 | 1.7% | -2.0% |
| 2007 | 1.7% | -4.1% |
| 2008 | 1.6% | -2.9% |
| 2009 | 1.7% | +2.4% |
| 2010 | 1.7% | +2.6% |
| 2011 | 1.9% | +10.1% |
| 2012 | 1.9% | +1.9% |
| 2013 | 2.1% | +12.6% |
| 2014 | 2.2% | +0.5% |
| 2015 | 2.1% | -1.5% |
| 2016 | 2.1% | -0.1% |
| 2017 | 2.1% | +1.2% |
| 2018 | 2.1% | -1.8% |
| 2019 | 2.1% | +1.8% |
| 2020 | 2.3% | +5.8% |
| 2021 | 2.2% | -2.2% |
| 2022 | 2.2% | -1.8% |
| 2023 | 2.3% | +4.2% |
Netherlands compared with similar countries
- Netherlands's 2.3% is above the median for high income countries, which is 1.5%, 1.5× the median. (54 countries reporting)
- Netherlands's 2.3% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.4%, 1.6× the median. (47 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 4 |
| 2000s | 1.7% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.0% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.3% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Netherlands
More science & technology data for Netherlands
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- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 128.54 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.3 units per person (2024)
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Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure in Netherlands?
- Research and development expenditure in Netherlands was 2.3% in 2023, according to Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- What is the highest research and development expenditure recorded in Netherlands?
- The highest recorded value was 2.3% in 2023.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure recorded in Netherlands?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.6% in 2008.
- How does Netherlands rank for research and development expenditure?
- Netherlands ranks 15th out of 116 countries with data for 2023.
- Is research and development expenditure rising or falling in Netherlands?
- Over the last ten years it is up 6.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Netherlands data come from?
- The figures come from Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.