{"entity":{"iso2":"BO","iso3":"BOL","name":"Bolivia","slug":"bolivia"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":0.32544},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.31577},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.29495},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.29836},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.28744},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.29358},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.27663},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.157},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.07627},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.06643},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.06308}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2021-01-01","latest_value":0.06308,"max":0.32544,"mean":0.223177,"min":0.06308,"of":116,"rank":108,"trend":"falling"}}