{"entity":{"iso2":"CU","iso3":"CUB","name":"Cuba","slug":"cuba"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":0.34736},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.40172},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.50124},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.45832},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.47865},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.5653},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.56445},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.58243},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.60231},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.5492},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.44139},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.43615},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.50061},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.61485},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.60767},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.27192},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.40716},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.47467},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.41596},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.42854},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.34223},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.43066},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.53691},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.55308},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.51838},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.32282},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.36032},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.39213},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.43839}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.43839,"max":0.61485,"mean":0.467063,"min":0.27192,"of":116,"rank":62,"trend":"falling"}}