{"entity":{"iso2":"FI","iso3":"FIN","name":"Finland","slug":"finland"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":2.45511},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":2.6226},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":2.78542},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":3.05687},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":3.24271},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":3.19405},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":3.25409},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":3.29898},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":3.30943},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":3.32412},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":3.33285},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":3.33727},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":3.53719},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":3.73427},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":3.70524},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":3.62434},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":3.4095},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":3.28462},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":3.16344},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":2.88826},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":2.74716},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":2.74723},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":2.77601},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":2.81534},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":2.93278},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":3.01133},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":2.982},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":3.0938}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":3.0938,"max":3.73427,"mean":3.13093,"min":2.45511,"of":116,"rank":10,"trend":"flat"}}