{"entity":{"iso2":"EL","iso3":"GRC","name":"Greece","slug":"greece"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.44268},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.59085},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.57753},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.56163},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.54073},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.59224},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.57051},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.58513},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.67086},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.63414},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.60491},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.6837},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.71953},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.82288},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.84553},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.9716},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":1.00556},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":1.1492},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":1.2066},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":1.26236},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":1.48872},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":1.43353},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":1.47714},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":1.4943}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":1.4943,"max":1.4943,"mean":0.872161,"min":0.44268,"of":116,"rank":29,"trend":"rising"}}