{"entity":{"iso2":"MO","iso3":"MAC","name":"Macao","slug":"macao-sar-china"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.06224},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.06957},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.06244},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.05344},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.0876},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.0829},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.05684},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.10106},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.05407},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.05012},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.04427},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.04789},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.05117},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.08776},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.13649},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.23492},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.1721},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.20113},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.24721},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.45327},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.37318},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.42754},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.27103},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.31097}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.31097,"max":0.45327,"mean":0.1558,"min":0.04427,"of":116,"rank":74,"trend":"volatile"}}