{"entity":{"iso2":"MD","iso3":"MDA","name":"Moldova","slug":"moldova"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":0.87296},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.80679},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.32405},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.34903},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.39865},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.40622},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.54557},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.53463},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.52557},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.3665},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.33764},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.34907},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.29783},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.31463},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.30735},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.28005},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.25789},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.25626},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.24145},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.23511},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.23154},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.22959},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.22111},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.21589}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.21589,"max":0.87296,"mean":0.371058,"min":0.21589,"of":116,"rank":87,"trend":"falling"}}