{"entity":{"iso2":"MN","iso3":"MNG","name":"Mongolia","slug":"mongolia"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.16786},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.16643},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.15016},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.18757},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.26749},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.25173},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.2518},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.26777},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.23775},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.19121},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.23827},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.33667},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.30478},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.24438},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.23054},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.23913},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.23246},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.2234},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.1564},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.18346},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.1342},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.10161},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.0927},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.13301},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.10008},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.08365}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2022-01-01","latest_value":0.08365,"max":0.33667,"mean":0.19902,"min":0.08365,"of":116,"rank":107,"trend":"falling"}}