{"entity":{"iso2":"NZ","iso3":"NZL","name":"New Zealand","slug":"new-zealand"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1997-01-01","value":1.05649},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.96387},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":1.10029},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":1.14891},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":1.12043},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":1.15764},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":1.24916},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":1.23083},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":1.15275},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":1.22707},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":1.34788},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":1.4642},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":1.48604},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":1.54848}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":1.54848,"max":1.54848,"mean":1.23243,"min":0.96387,"of":116,"rank":27,"trend":"rising"}}