{"entity":{"iso2":"NI","iso3":"NIC","name":"Nicaragua","slug":"nicaragua"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.0651},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.03493},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.08344},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.10449},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.10284},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.08935},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.10742}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2015-01-01","latest_value":0.10742,"max":0.10742,"mean":0.0839386,"min":0.03493,"of":116,"rank":98,"trend":"rising"}}