{"entity":{"iso2":"MK","iso3":"MKD","name":"North Macedonia","slug":"north-macedonia"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.35911},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.40842},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.32809},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.41888},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.2931},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.24461},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.21064},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.23237},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.22825},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.19373},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.17093},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.22358},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.19679},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.21634},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.22276},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.32676},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.43894},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.51646},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.44412},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.43585},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.35439},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.36367},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.36783},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.37264},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.37252},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.37372},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.3699},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.37363}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.37363,"max":0.51646,"mean":0.323501,"min":0.17093,"of":116,"rank":69,"trend":"rising"}}