{"entity":{"iso2":"SD","iso3":"SDN","name":"Sudan","slug":"sudan"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"research-spending-gdp","source":"UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/research-spending-gdp","title":"Research & development spending as a share of GDP","unit":"% of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.53007},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.47277},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.37483},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.32247},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.2808},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.23825},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.225}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2005-01-01","latest_value":0.225,"max":0.53007,"mean":0.34917,"min":0.225,"of":116,"rank":86,"trend":"falling"}}