Italy vs Spain: Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE)
Italy
44.9%
in 2023
Spain
43.7%
in 2023
Italy rank
41st
Spain rank
44th
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) over time
- Italy
- Spain
How they compare
Italy currently reports 44.9% against 43.7% in Spain, a difference of 1.2%.
The two have swapped places 1 time across 21 shared years of data; in 2003 it was Spain ahead.
Italy ranks 41st and Spain ranks 44th of 74 countries.
Across the 3 decades both report, Italy averaged higher in 2 and Spain in 1.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Italy | Spain | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 36.9% | 40.4% | 3.6% | Spain |
| 2010s | 43.1% | 41.9% | 1.1% | Italy |
| 2020s | 44.2% | 43.4% | 0.9% | Italy |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte), Italy or Spain?
- Italy, at 44.9% against 43.7% in Spain as of 2023.
- What is the difference in female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) between Italy and Spain?
- 1.2%, with Italy ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Italy and Spain?
- 21 years are reported by both, from 2003 to 2023.
- How do Italy and Spain rank globally for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte)?
- Italy ranks 41st and Spain ranks 44th of 74 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) - Higher education. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
February 2026 Data Release