Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain
Spain: Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) was 43.7% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain, 1997–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
Analysis
Spain recorded 43.7% for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in 2023. That is the highest value across all 26 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.5% on the previous year and up 5.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain peaked at 43.7% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 35.7%, in 1999.
That places Spain 44th out of 74 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 26 years of available data.
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) in Spain, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1997 | 37.0% | — |
| 1999 | 35.7% | -3.5% |
| 2000 | 39.0% | +9.1% |
| 2001 | 39.3% | +0.9% |
| 2002 | 38.4% | -2.5% |
| 2003 | 39.2% | +2.3% |
| 2004 | 39.8% | +1.6% |
| 2005 | 40.5% | +1.6% |
| 2006 | 40.6% | +0.3% |
| 2007 | 40.7% | +0.2% |
| 2008 | 41.1% | +1.0% |
| 2009 | 41.2% | +0.2% |
| 2010 | 41.0% | -0.3% |
| 2011 | 41.5% | +1.1% |
| 2012 | 41.6% | +0.2% |
| 2013 | 41.6% | +0.0% |
| 2014 | 41.9% | +0.8% |
| 2015 | 42.5% | +1.5% |
| 2016 | 42.9% | +0.9% |
| 2017 | 41.6% | -3.0% |
| 2018 | 41.7% | +0.2% |
| 2019 | 42.7% | +2.5% |
| 2020 | 43.1% | +0.7% |
| 2021 | 43.1% | +0.1% |
| 2022 | 43.5% | +1.0% |
| 2023 | 43.7% | +0.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 36.4% | 35.7% | 37.0% | 2 |
| 2000s | 40.0% | 38.4% | 41.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | 41.9% | 41.0% | 42.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | 43.4% | 43.1% | 43.7% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More science & technology data for Spain
- Mobile landline subscriptions, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 130.26 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.28 units per person (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, gaps filled 62.41 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per square kilometre 122.45 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, annual growth rate 1.99 % change on previous year (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, annual growth rate 1.99 % change on previous year (2024)
- Scientific and technical journal articles 60,304 (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.0012 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain?
- Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) in Spain was 43.7% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 43.7% in 2023.
- What is the lowest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 35.7% in 1999.
- How does Spain rank for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte)?
- Spain ranks 44th out of 74 countries with data for 2023.
- Is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (fte) rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 5.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (FTE) - Higher education. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 26 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release