Italy vs Spain: Human resources in science and technology (HRST) by category and NUTS
Italy
11,460
in 2025
Spain
14,611
in 2025
Italy rank
5th
Spain rank
4th
Human resources in science and technology (HRST) by category and NUTS over time
- Italy
- Spain
How they compare
Spain currently reports 14,611 against 11,460 in Italy, a difference of 3,151.
That makes Spain's figure about 1.3 times Italy's.
The two have swapped places 1 time across 27 shared years of data; in 1999 it was Italy ahead.
Italy ranks 5th and Spain ranks 4th of 38 countries.
Across the 4 decades both report, Italy averaged higher in 1 and Spain in 3.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Italy | Spain | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 6,373 | 6,224 | 148.7 | Italy |
| 2000s | 8,280 | 8,521 | 241.03 | Spain |
| 2010s | 10,087 | 11,194 | 1,106 | Spain |
| 2020s | 11,048 | 13,716 | 2,668 | Spain |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher human resources in science and technology (hrst) by category and nuts, Italy or Spain?
- Spain, at 14,611 against 11,460 in Italy as of 2025.
- What is the difference in human resources in science and technology (hrst) by category and nuts between Italy and Spain?
- 3,151, with Spain ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Italy and Spain?
- 27 years are reported by both, from 1999 to 2025.
- How do Italy and Spain rank globally for human resources in science and technology (hrst) by category and nuts?
- Italy ranks 5th and Spain ranks 4th of 38 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Eurostat, published as Human resources in science and technology (HRST) by category and NUTS 2 region. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.