Montenegro vs Ukraine: Research and development expenditure
Montenegro
0.4%
in 2019
Ukraine
0.4%
in 2024
Montenegro rank
71st
Ukraine rank
70th
Research and development expenditure over time
- Montenegro
- Ukraine
How they compare
Ukraine currently reports 0.4% against 0.4% in Montenegro, a difference of 0.0%.
The two have swapped places 4 times across 13 shared years of data; in 2003 it was Ukraine ahead.
Montenegro ranks 71st and Ukraine ranks 70th of 116 countries.
Across the 2 decades both report, Montenegro averaged higher in 1 and Ukraine in 1.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Montenegro | Ukraine | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 1.0% | 1.0% | 0.1% | Montenegro |
| 2010s | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.2% | Ukraine |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher research and development expenditure, Montenegro or Ukraine?
- Ukraine, at 0.4% against 0.4% in Montenegro as of 2024.
- What is the difference in research and development expenditure between Montenegro and Ukraine?
- 0.0%, with Ukraine ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Montenegro and Ukraine?
- 13 years are reported by both, from 2003 to 2019.
- How do Montenegro and Ukraine rank globally for research and development expenditure?
- Montenegro ranks 71st and Ukraine ranks 70th of 116 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.