Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) in Estonia
Estonia: Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) was 26.4% in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
26.4%
Change on year
up 18.2%
World rank
53rd
of 78 countries
All-time high
35.6%
in 1999
All-time low
22.3%
in 2022
Years of data
26
1998–2023
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) in Estonia, 1998–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
Analysis
The most recent figure for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) in Estonia is 26.4%, measured in 2023.
The figure is up 18.2% on the previous year and down 12.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) in Estonia peaked at 35.6% in 1999 and was at its lowest, 22.3%, in 2022.
Estonia ranks 53rd of 78 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 26 years of available data.
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 31.0% | — |
| 1999 | 35.6% | +15.0% |
| 2000 | 32.3% | -9.2% |
| 2001 | 28.1% | -13.1% |
| 2002 | 23.4% | -16.6% |
| 2003 | 23.7% | +1.1% |
| 2004 | 23.9% | +0.9% |
| 2005 | 24.1% | +0.7% |
| 2006 | 25.6% | +6.1% |
| 2007 | 32.4% | +26.7% |
| 2008 | 24.9% | -23.1% |
| 2009 | 27.5% | +10.4% |
| 2010 | 28.9% | +5.0% |
| 2011 | 32.0% | +10.6% |
| 2012 | 30.2% | -5.5% |
| 2013 | 30.1% | -0.5% |
| 2014 | 29.9% | -0.6% |
| 2015 | 27.9% | -6.5% |
| 2016 | 26.6% | -4.8% |
| 2017 | 25.1% | -5.5% |
| 2018 | 28.0% | +11.2% |
| 2019 | 27.0% | -3.3% |
| 2020 | 26.8% | -0.9% |
| 2021 | 25.0% | -6.9% |
| 2022 | 22.3% | -10.6% |
| 2023 | 26.4% | +18.2% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 26.4% is below the median for high income countries, which is 26.8%, 98% of the median. (44 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 26.4% is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 28.8%, 92% of the median. (43 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 33.3% | 31.0% | 35.6% | 2 |
| 2000s | 26.6% | 23.4% | 32.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 28.6% | 25.1% | 32.0% | 10 |
| 2020s | 25.1% | 22.3% | 26.8% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 50 Iran, Islamic Republic of 27.5% compare
- 51 Saudi Arabia 26.9% compare
- 52 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 26.7% compare
- 54 Switzerland 26.2% compare
- 55 Sweden 26.2% compare
- 56 Malta 25.4% compare
More science & technology data for Estonia
- Mobile landline subscriptions, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 151.13 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.5 units per person (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, gaps filled 2.06 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per square kilometre 48.06 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, annual growth rate 0.6232 % change on previous year (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, annual growth rate 0.1339 % change on previous year (2024)
- Scientific and technical journal articles 1,754 (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.0013 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) in Estonia?
- Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) in Estonia was 26.4% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 35.6% in 1999.
- What is the lowest female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 22.3% in 2022.
- How does Estonia rank for female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc)?
- Estonia ranks 53rd out of 78 countries with data for 2023.
- Is female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (hc) rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 12.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) - Business enterprise. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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CSV · JSON — 26 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release