Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) - Business enterprise by country
February 2026 Data Release
Countries reporting
78
Highest
60.7%
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lowest
0.0%
Bermuda
Median
30.3%
Years covered
29
1996–2024
Data points
1,249
What the numbers show
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC) - Business enterprise is currently reported for 78 countries. The highest value is 60.7% in Bosnia and Herzegovina; the lowest is 0.0% in Bermuda.
The median across all reporting countries is 30.3%, and the mean is 31.1%.
Over the past decade 45 countries rose and 29 fell. The largest increase was in Saudi Arabia (up 1,116.1%), and the largest decrease in Bermuda (down 100.0%).
Female researchers as a percentage of total researchers (HC): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 60.7% | 2024 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 2 | North Macedonia | 59.7% | 2024 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 3 | Trinidad and Tobago | 57.1% | 2018 | — | volatile |
| 4 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 55.6% | 2021 | up 288.9% | rising |
| 5 | Azerbaijan | 52.1% | 2024 | down 11.5% | flat |
| 6 | Kazakhstan | 51.5% | 2024 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 7 | Kyrgyzstan | 51.5% | 2024 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 8 | Mongolia | 50.0% | 2022 | up 8.5% | falling |
| 9 | Panama | 49.3% | 2024 | up 27.6% | rising |
| 10 | Uruguay | 47.8% | 2024 | up 21.2% | flat |
| 11 | Costa Rica | 43.7% | 2023 | — | rising |
| 12 | Thailand | 43.6% | 2021 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 13 | Montenegro | 41.8% | 2019 | down 37.3% | falling |
| 14 | Iraq | 39.8% | 2021 | up 238.3% | rising |
| 15 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 39.4% | 2023 | — | falling |
| 16 | South Africa | 37.5% | 2022 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 17 | Indonesia | 37.1% | 2020 | up 104.7% | rising |
| 18 | Bulgaria | 37.0% | 2023 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 19 | Argentina | 36.9% | 2023 | up 104.4% | rising |
| 20 | Malaysia | 36.5% | 2022 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 21 | Latvia | 34.7% | 2023 | down 16.8% | falling |
| 22 | Ukraine | 34.6% | 2024 | down 13.9% | falling |
| 23 | Philippines | 33.9% | 2020 | down 21.2% | falling |
| 24 | Viet Nam | 33.9% | 2023 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 25 | Belarus | 33.7% | 2024 | down 10.7% | falling |
| 26 | Serbia | 33.5% | 2024 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 27 | Oman | 33.3% | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 28 | Mauritius | 33.0% | 2024 | up 40.5% | flat |
| 29 | Cyprus | 32.8% | 2023 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 30 | Russian Federation | 32.5% | 2024 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 31 | Peru | 31.8% | 2023 | down 13.5% | falling |
| 32 | Croatia | 31.6% | 2023 | down 19.1% | falling |
| 33 | Romania | 31.3% | 2023 | down 20.9% | falling |
| 34 | Uganda | 31.1% | 2023 | up 41.4% | falling |
| 35 | Spain | 31.1% | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 36 | Sri Lanka | 30.7% | 2022 | up 32.6% | rising |
| 37 | Portugal | 30.6% | 2023 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 38 | Colombia | 30.3% | 2019 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 39 | Iceland | 30.3% | 2023 | down 10.9% | rising |
| 40 | Greece | 30.3% | 2023 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 41 | Tunisia | 30.0% | 2024 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 42 | Belgium | 29.6% | 2023 | up 18.9% | rising |
| 43 | Uzbekistan | 29.2% | 2024 | down 32.7% | falling |
| 44 | Chile | 28.8% | 2022 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 45 | Ireland | 28.8% | 2023 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 46 | Lithuania | 28.6% | 2023 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 47 | Türkiye | 28.1% | 2023 | up 17.8% | flat |
| 48 | Denmark | 28.0% | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 49 | Singapore | 28.0% | 2022 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 50 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 27.5% | 2021 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 51 | Saudi Arabia | 26.9% | 2024 | up 1,116.1% | volatile |
| 52 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 26.7% | 2023 | up 29.0% | rising |
| 53 | Estonia | 26.4% | 2023 | down 12.3% | falling |
| 54 | Switzerland | 26.2% | 2023 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 55 | Sweden | 26.2% | 2023 | up 13.3% | flat |
| 56 | Malta | 25.4% | 2023 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 57 | Macau, China | 25.3% | 2024 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 58 | Italy | 25.2% | 2023 | up 17.3% | rising |
| 59 | Slovenia | 24.7% | 2023 | down 6.0% | falling |
| 60 | Netherlands | 24.2% | 2023 | up 32.9% | rising |
| 61 | Poland | 24.1% | 2023 | up 19.5% | falling |
| 62 | France | 23.6% | 2023 | up 18.7% | rising |
| 63 | Norway | 23.5% | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 64 | Mexico | 23.3% | 2016 | down 6.8% | rising |
| 65 | El Salvador | 21.1% | 2014 | down 26.3% | falling |
| 66 | Korea | 19.9% | 2023 | up 44.2% | rising |
| 67 | Austria | 19.4% | 2023 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 68 | Finland | 18.9% | 2023 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 69 | Hungary | 18.7% | 2023 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 70 | Luxembourg | 18.5% | 2023 | up 76.4% | rising |
| 71 | Republic of Moldova | 18.4% | 2024 | down 36.5% | falling |
| 72 | Slovakia | 18.3% | 2023 | down 9.3% | falling |
| 73 | Germany | 16.6% | 2023 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 74 | Egypt | 16.5% | 2024 | up 59.8% | rising |
| 75 | Czechia | 15.5% | 2023 | up 11.2% | falling |
| 76 | Japan | 12.1% | 2023 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 77 | Mali | 2.1% | 2023 | down 81.7% | volatile |
| 78 | Bermuda | 0.0% | 2020 | down 100.0% | volatile |
About this data
February 2026 Data Release