GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom

United Kingdom: GERD as a percentage of GDP was 2.7% in 2023. ▲ Rising

Latest (2023)
2.7%
Change on year
down 2.8%
World rank
12th
of 116 countries
All-time high
2.9%
in 2020
All-time low
1.5%
in 2004
Years of data
28
1996–2023

GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom, 1996–2023

01231996200920231996: 1.61997: 1.51998: 1.51999: 1.62000: 1.62001: 1.62002: 1.62003: 1.62004: 1.52005: 1.62006: 1.62007: 1.62008: 1.62009: 1.72010: 1.62011: 1.62012: 1.62013: 1.62014: 2.32015: 2.32016: 2.32017: 2.32018: 2.72019: 2.72020: 2.92021: 2.92022: 2.82023: 2.7

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.

Analysis

In 2023, gerd as a percentage of gdp in United Kingdom stood at 2.7%.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.8% on the previous year and up 65.1% over ten years.

Over the whole period, gerd as a percentage of gdp in United Kingdom peaked at 2.9% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 1.5%, in 2004.

United Kingdom ranks 12th of 116 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.

GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom, year by year

Annual values for GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom, 1996 to 2023.
Year Value Change
1996 1.6%
1997 1.5% -2.4%
1998 1.5% +0.7%
1999 1.6% +4.8%
2000 1.6% -0.8%
2001 1.6% -0.9%
2002 1.6% +1.2%
2003 1.6% -2.0%
2004 1.5% -3.2%
2005 1.6% +1.3%
2006 1.6% +1.7%
2007 1.6% +2.7%
2008 1.6% -0.6%
2009 1.7% +3.8%
2010 1.6% -1.9%
2011 1.6% +0.5%
2012 1.6% -4.3%
2013 1.6% +2.9%
2014 2.3% +39.7%
2015 2.3% +0.5%
2016 2.3% +2.0%
2017 2.3% +0.2%
2018 2.7% +16.5%
2019 2.7% -1.4%
2020 2.9% +10.1%
2021 2.9% -1.4%
2022 2.8% -5.1%
2023 2.7% -2.8%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 1.6% 1.5% 1.6% 4
2000s 1.6% 1.5% 1.7% 10
2010s 2.1% 1.6% 2.7% 10
2020s 2.8% 2.7% 2.9% 4

Countries ranked near United Kingdom

  1. 9 Germany 3.2% compare
  2. 10 Finland 3.1% compare
  3. 11 Denmark 3.0% compare
  4. 13 Iceland 2.6% compare
  5. 14 China (People’s Republic of) 2.6% compare
  6. 15 Netherlands 2.3% compare

See the full ranking of 166 places →

More science & technology data for United Kingdom

All data for United Kingdom →

Frequently asked questions

What is gerd as a percentage of gdp in United Kingdom?
Gerd as a percentage of gdp in United Kingdom was 2.7% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest gerd as a percentage of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
The highest recorded value was 2.9% in 2020.
What is the lowest gerd as a percentage of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
The lowest recorded value was 1.5% in 2004.
How does United Kingdom rank for gerd as a percentage of gdp?
United Kingdom ranks 12th out of 116 countries with data for 2023.
Is gerd as a percentage of gdp rising or falling in United Kingdom?
Over the last ten years it is up 65.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this United Kingdom data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of GERD as a percentage of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 28 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).

Share, cite or embed this page

Cite this page

GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 23 August 2026, from https://science-tech.statizoid.com/stat/gerd-as-a-percentage-of-gdp/united-kingdom/

Embed or link this data

Paste this into a page to link back to these figures. The data itself is free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics); please keep the attribution.

<a href="https://science-tech.statizoid.com/stat/gerd-as-a-percentage-of-gdp/united-kingdom/">GERD as a percentage of GDP in United Kingdom</a> — Statizoid

About this data

Indicator
GERD as a percentage of GDP
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Coverage
166 places, 3,775 data points, 1996–2024
Last refreshed

February 2026 Data Release