Research and development expenditure in Germany
Germany: Research and development expenditure was 3.2% in 2023. β² Rising
Research and development expenditure in Germany, 1996β2023
Source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for research and development expenditure in Germany is 3.2%, measured in 2023. That is the highest value across all 28 years on record.
That represents a change of up 2.7% on the previous year and up 13.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure in Germany peaked at 3.2% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 2.1%, in 1996.
Germany ranks 9th of 116 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.2% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 4 |
| 2000s | 2.5% | 2.4% | 2.7% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.9% | 2.7% | 3.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.1% | 3.1% | 3.2% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Germany
More science & technology data for Germany
- Mobile landline subscriptions, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 129.15 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.31 units per person (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, gaps filled 109.20 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per square kilometre 301.63 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, annual growth rate 3.6 % change on previous year (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, annual growth rate 3.61 % change on previous year (2024)
- Scientific and technical journal articles 108,782 (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.0013 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure in Germany?
- Research and development expenditure in Germany was 3.2% in 2023, according to Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- What is the highest research and development expenditure recorded in Germany?
- The highest recorded value was 3.2% in 2023.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure recorded in Germany?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.1% in 1996.
- How does Germany rank for research and development expenditure?
- Germany ranks 9th out of 116 countries with data for 2023.
- Is research and development expenditure rising or falling in Germany?
- Over the last ten years it is up 13.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Germany data come from?
- The figures come from Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV Β· JSON β 28 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.