Research & development spending as a share of GDP in Iceland

Iceland: Research & development spending as a share of GDP was 2.6% in 2023. ▬ Flat

Latest (2023)
2.6%
Change on year
up 1.5%
World rank
13th
of 116 countries
All-time high
2.9%
in 2006
All-time low
1.7%
in 2013
Years of data
24
1997–2023

Research & development spending as a share of GDP in Iceland, 1997–2023

01231997201020231997: 1.8 % of GDP1998: 2 % of GDP1999: 2.2 % of GDP2000: 2.6 % of GDP2001: 2.8 % of GDP2002: 2.8 % of GDP2003: 2.7 % of GDP2005: 2.7 % of GDP2006: 2.9 % of GDP2007: 2.5 % of GDP2008: 2.5 % of GDP2009: 2.6 % of GDP2011: 2.4 % of GDP2013: 1.7 % of GDP2014: 1.9 % of GDP2015: 2.2 % of GDP2016: 2.1 % of GDP2017: 2.1 % of GDP2018: 2 % of GDP2019: 2.3 % of GDP2020: 2.5 % of GDP2021: 2.8 % of GDP2022: 2.6 % of GDP2023: 2.6 % of GDP

Source: UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

The most recent figure for research & development spending as a share of gdp in Iceland is 2.6%, measured in 2023.

That represents a change of up 1.5% on the previous year and up 56.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, research & development spending as a share of gdp in Iceland peaked at 2.9% in 2006 and was at its lowest, 1.7%, in 2013.

That places Iceland 13th out of 116 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 2.0% 1.8% 2.2% 3
2000s 2.7% 2.5% 2.9% 9
2010s 2.1% 1.7% 2.4% 8
2020s 2.6% 2.5% 2.8% 4

Countries ranked near Iceland

  1. 10 Finland 3.1% compare
  2. 11 Denmark 3.0% compare
  3. 12 United Kingdom 2.7% compare
  4. 14 China 2.6% compare
  5. 15 Netherlands 2.3% compare
  6. 16 France 2.2% compare

See the full ranking of 116 places →

More science & technology data for Iceland

All data for Iceland →

Frequently asked questions

What is research & development spending as a share of gdp in Iceland?
Research & development spending as a share of gdp in Iceland was 2.6% in 2023, according to UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest research & development spending as a share of gdp recorded in Iceland?
The highest recorded value was 2.9% in 2006.
What is the lowest research & development spending as a share of gdp recorded in Iceland?
The lowest recorded value was 1.7% in 2013.
How does Iceland rank for research & development spending as a share of gdp?
Iceland ranks 13th out of 116 countries with data for 2023.
Is research & development spending as a share of gdp rising or falling in Iceland?
Over the last ten years it is up 56.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
Where does this Iceland data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Research & development spending as a share of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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CSV · JSON — 24 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator
Research & development spending as a share of GDP
Unit
% of GDP
Source
UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
116 places, 2,375 data points, 1996–2024
Last refreshed

Includes basic research, applied research, and experimental development.