Early-demographic dividend vs Estonia: Research and development expenditure
Research and development expenditure over time
- Early-demographic dividend
- Estonia
How they compare
Estonia currently reports 1.8% against 0.8% in Early-demographic dividend, a difference of 1.0%.
That makes Estonia's figure about 2.3 times Early-demographic dividend's.
Across all 20 years both countries report, Estonia has been ahead every year.
Early-demographic dividend ranks 22nd and Estonia ranks 20th of 31 groups.
Estonia has averaged higher in every one of the 3 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Early-demographic dividend | Estonia | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.6% | 0.9% | 0.3% | Estonia |
| 2010s | 0.7% | 1.6% | 0.9% | Estonia |
| 2020s | 0.8% | 1.7% | 0.9% | Estonia |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher research and development expenditure, Early-demographic dividend or Estonia?
- Estonia, at 1.8% against 0.8% in Early-demographic dividend as of 2023.
- What is the difference in research and development expenditure between Early-demographic dividend and Estonia?
- 1.0%, with Estonia ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Early-demographic dividend and Estonia?
- 20 years are reported by both, from 2000 to 2020.
- How do Early-demographic dividend and Estonia rank globally for research and development expenditure?
- Early-demographic dividend ranks 22nd and Estonia ranks 20th of 31 groups.
- Where does this data come from?
- Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.