GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America

SDG: Europe and Northern America: GERD as a percentage of GDP was 2.5% in 2023. ▲ Rising

Latest (2023)
2.5%
Change on year
up 0.2%
Rank
8th
of 50 groups
All-time high
2.6%
in 2020
All-time low
2.0%
in 1996
Years of data
28
1996–2023

GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America, 1996–2023

01231996200920231996: 21997: 21998: 21999: 2.12000: 2.12001: 2.12002: 2.12003: 2.12004: 22005: 22006: 2.12007: 2.12008: 2.12009: 2.22010: 2.22011: 2.22012: 2.22013: 2.22014: 2.22015: 2.32016: 2.32017: 2.32018: 2.42019: 2.42020: 2.62021: 2.52022: 2.52023: 2.5

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.

Analysis

The most recent figure for gerd as a percentage of gdp in SDG: Europe and Northern America is 2.5%, measured in 2023.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.2% on the previous year and up 16.7% over ten years.

Over the whole period, gerd as a percentage of gdp in SDG: Europe and Northern America peaked at 2.6% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 2.0%, in 1996.

SDG: Europe and Northern America ranks 8th of 50 groups on this measure, in the top quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.

GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America, year by year

Annual values for GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America, 1996 to 2023.
Year Value Change
1996 2.0%
1997 2.0% +1.0%
1998 2.0% +0.8%
1999 2.1% +2.6%
2000 2.1% +2.1%
2001 2.1% +1.0%
2002 2.1% -1.6%
2003 2.1% -0.1%
2004 2.0% -2.3%
2005 2.0% -0.0%
2006 2.1% +0.6%
2007 2.1% +1.3%
2008 2.1% +2.6%
2009 2.2% +3.6%
2010 2.2% -2.1%
2011 2.2% +0.3%
2012 2.2% -0.5%
2013 2.2% +0.6%
2014 2.2% +1.1%
2015 2.3% +2.0%
2016 2.3% +1.0%
2017 2.3% +1.3%
2018 2.4% +2.0%
2019 2.4% +2.8%
2020 2.6% +6.6%
2021 2.5% -1.1%
2022 2.5% -0.2%
2023 2.5% +0.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 2.0% 2.0% 2.1% 4
2000s 2.1% 2.0% 2.2% 10
2010s 2.3% 2.2% 2.4% 10
2020s 2.6% 2.5% 2.6% 4

Countries ranked near SDG: Europe and Northern America

  1. 5 Japan 3.4% compare
  2. 6 Belgium 3.3% compare
  3. 7 Austria 3.3% compare
  4. 8 Switzerland 3.2% compare
  5. 9 Germany 3.2% compare
  6. 10 Finland 3.1% compare
  7. 11 Denmark 3.0% compare

See the full ranking of 166 places →

More science & technology data for SDG: Europe and Northern America

All data for SDG: Europe and Northern America →

Frequently asked questions

What is gerd as a percentage of gdp in SDG: Europe and Northern America?
Gerd as a percentage of gdp in SDG: Europe and Northern America was 2.5% in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest gerd as a percentage of gdp recorded in SDG: Europe and Northern America?
The highest recorded value was 2.6% in 2020.
What is the lowest gerd as a percentage of gdp recorded in SDG: Europe and Northern America?
The lowest recorded value was 2.0% in 1996.
How does SDG: Europe and Northern America rank for gerd as a percentage of gdp?
SDG: Europe and Northern America ranks 8th out of 50 groups with data for 2023.
Is gerd as a percentage of gdp rising or falling in SDG: Europe and Northern America?
Over the last ten years it is up 16.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this SDG: Europe and Northern America data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of GERD as a percentage of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 28 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).

Share, cite or embed this page

Cite this page

GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 07 September 2026, from https://science-tech.statizoid.com/stat/gerd-as-a-percentage-of-gdp/sdg-europe-and-northern-america/

Embed or link this data

Paste this into a page to link back to these figures. The data itself is free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics); please keep the attribution.

<a href="https://science-tech.statizoid.com/stat/gerd-as-a-percentage-of-gdp/sdg-europe-and-northern-america/">GERD as a percentage of GDP in SDG: Europe and Northern America</a> — Statizoid

About this data

Indicator
GERD as a percentage of GDP
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Coverage
166 places, 3,775 data points, 1996–2024
Last refreshed

February 2026 Data Release