Research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total
IDA & IBRD total: Research and development expenditure was 1.8% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total, 2000–2023
Source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2023, research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total stood at 1.8%. That is the highest value across all 24 years on record.
That represents a change of up 1.3% on the previous year and up 59.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total peaked at 1.8% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.6%, in 2000.
That places IDA & IBRD total 15th out of 29 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 24 years of available data.
Research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.6% | — |
| 2001 | 0.7% | +4.0% |
| 2002 | 0.7% | +6.8% |
| 2003 | 0.8% | +7.3% |
| 2004 | 0.8% | +3.5% |
| 2005 | 0.8% | +2.8% |
| 2006 | 0.8% | +5.1% |
| 2007 | 0.8% | +0.4% |
| 2008 | 0.9% | +7.9% |
| 2009 | 1.0% | +8.4% |
| 2010 | 1.1% | +6.4% |
| 2011 | 1.1% | +1.6% |
| 2012 | 1.2% | +9.0% |
| 2013 | 1.2% | -1.5% |
| 2014 | 1.3% | +11.4% |
| 2015 | 1.3% | +2.0% |
| 2016 | 1.3% | +2.6% |
| 2017 | 1.3% | -2.9% |
| 2018 | 1.4% | +5.6% |
| 2019 | 1.4% | +0.5% |
| 2020 | 1.6% | +13.7% |
| 2021 | 1.7% | +10.6% |
| 2022 | 1.8% | +4.2% |
| 2023 | 1.8% | +1.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.8% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.7% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 4 |
Countries ranked near IDA & IBRD total
More science & technology data for IDA & IBRD total
- Scientific and technical journal articles 1.81 million (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.0003 units per person (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per square kilometre 0.0188 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Digital connectivity composite index 0.0383 standard deviations from the yearly mean (2025)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, annual growth rate 5.57 % change on previous year (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total?
- Research and development expenditure in IDA & IBRD total was 1.8% in 2023, according to Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- What is the highest research and development expenditure recorded in IDA & IBRD total?
- The highest recorded value was 1.8% in 2023.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure recorded in IDA & IBRD total?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.6% in 2000.
- How does IDA & IBRD total rank for research and development expenditure?
- IDA & IBRD total ranks 15th out of 29 groups with data for 2023.
- Is research and development expenditure rising or falling in IDA & IBRD total?
- Over the last ten years it is up 59.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this IDA & IBRD total data come from?
- The figures come from Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.