Research and development expenditure in Singapore
Singapore: Research and development expenditure was 1.8% in 2022. ▲ Rising
Research and development expenditure in Singapore, 1996–2022
Source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2022, research and development expenditure in Singapore stood at 1.8%.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 6.7% on the previous year and down 5.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure in Singapore peaked at 2.6% in 2008 and was at its lowest, 1.3%, in 1996.
That places Singapore 22nd out of 116 countries with data for 2022, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 27 years of available data.
Research and development expenditure in Singapore, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 1.3% | — |
| 1997 | 1.4% | +7.3% |
| 1998 | 1.7% | +22.7% |
| 1999 | 1.8% | +4.6% |
| 2000 | 1.8% | +0.0% |
| 2001 | 2.0% | +10.6% |
| 2002 | 2.0% | +1.2% |
| 2003 | 2.0% | -1.8% |
| 2004 | 2.1% | +4.1% |
| 2005 | 2.1% | +3.3% |
| 2006 | 2.1% | -1.5% |
| 2007 | 2.3% | +9.6% |
| 2008 | 2.6% | +11.9% |
| 2009 | 2.1% | -18.1% |
| 2010 | 1.9% | -9.3% |
| 2011 | 2.1% | +7.3% |
| 2012 | 1.9% | -7.3% |
| 2013 | 1.9% | +0.1% |
| 2014 | 2.1% | +8.4% |
| 2015 | 2.2% | +4.4% |
| 2016 | 2.1% | -4.9% |
| 2017 | 1.9% | -8.3% |
| 2018 | 1.8% | -4.7% |
| 2019 | 1.9% | +4.4% |
| 2020 | 2.2% | +14.4% |
| 2021 | 1.9% | -10.3% |
| 2022 | 1.8% | -6.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1.6% | 1.3% | 1.8% | 4 |
| 2000s | 2.1% | 1.8% | 2.6% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 3 |
Countries ranked near Singapore
More science & technology data for Singapore
- Mobile landline subscriptions, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, gaps filled 170.78 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per capita 1.65 units per person (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, gaps filled 9.96 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, per square kilometre 13,965 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Mobile landline subscriptions, annual growth rate -1.4 % change on previous year (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions by country, annual growth rate -0.6582 % change on previous year (2024)
- Scientific and technical journal articles 11,894 (2023)
- Scientific and technical journal articles, per capita 0.002 units per person (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure in Singapore?
- Research and development expenditure in Singapore was 1.8% in 2022, according to Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- What is the highest research and development expenditure recorded in Singapore?
- The highest recorded value was 2.6% in 2008.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure recorded in Singapore?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.3% in 1996.
- How does Singapore rank for research and development expenditure?
- Singapore ranks 22nd out of 116 countries with data for 2022.
- Is research and development expenditure rising or falling in Singapore?
- Over the last ten years it is down 5.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Singapore data come from?
- The figures come from Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.