Research & development spending as a share of GDP in Turkey
Turkey: Research & development spending as a share of GDP was 1.4% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Research & development spending as a share of GDP in Turkey, 1996–2023
Source: UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for research & development spending as a share of gdp in Turkey is 1.4%, measured in 2023. That is the highest value across all 28 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 7.5% on the previous year and up 75.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research & development spending as a share of gdp in Turkey peaked at 1.4% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.4%, in 1998.
That places Turkey 31st out of 116 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 4 |
| 2000s | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.0% | 0.8% | 1.3% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Turkey
More science & technology data for Turkey
- Scientific and technical journal articles 50,180 (2023)
- Mobile phone subscriptions 94.32 million (2024)
- Mobile phone subscriptions per 100 people 107.83 per 100 people (2024)
- Mobile and landline phone subscriptions per 100 people 107.83 per 100 people (2024)
- Patent applications, nonresidents 242 (2021)
- Share of the population using the Internet 89.8% (2025)
- Patent applications, residents 8,234 (2021)
- Research and development expenditure 1.4% (2023)
- Number of people using the Internet 70.57 million users (2021)
- Landline Internet subscriptions per 100 people 23.43 per 100 people (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research & development spending as a share of gdp in Turkey?
- Research & development spending as a share of gdp in Turkey was 1.4% in 2023, according to UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest research & development spending as a share of gdp recorded in Turkey?
- The highest recorded value was 1.4% in 2023.
- What is the lowest research & development spending as a share of gdp recorded in Turkey?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.4% in 1998.
- How does Turkey rank for research & development spending as a share of gdp?
- Turkey ranks 31st out of 116 countries with data for 2023.
- Is research & development spending as a share of gdp rising or falling in Turkey?
- Over the last ten years it is up 75.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Turkey data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO UIS Stat Bulk Data Download Service, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Research & development spending as a share of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 28 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Includes basic research, applied research, and experimental development.