Research and development expenditure in IBRD only
IBRD only: Research and development expenditure was 1.9% in 2023. β² Rising
Research and development expenditure in IBRD only, 1999β2023
Source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
IBRD only recorded 1.9% for research and development expenditure in 2023. That is the highest value across all 25 years on record.
The figure is up 2.2% on the previous year and up 60.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure in IBRD only peaked at 1.9% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.6%, in 1999.
IBRD only ranks 16th of 31 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 1 |
| 2000s | 0.8% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.3% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.8% | 1.6% | 1.9% | 4 |
Countries ranked near IBRD only
More science & technology data for IBRD only
- Scientific and technical journal articles 1.73 million (2023)
- Researchers in R&D 959.59 per million people (2020)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure in IBRD only?
- Research and development expenditure in IBRD only was 1.9% in 2023, according to Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- What is the highest research and development expenditure recorded in IBRD only?
- The highest recorded value was 1.9% in 2023.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure recorded in IBRD only?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.6% in 1999.
- How does IBRD only rank for research and development expenditure?
- IBRD only ranks 16th out of 31 groups with data for 2023.
- Is research and development expenditure rising or falling in IBRD only?
- Over the last ten years it is up 60.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this IBRD only data come from?
- The figures come from Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published as part of Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV Β· JSON β 25 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.