Share of female researchers by sector of performance by country
Countries reporting
52
Highest
54.4%
North Macedonia
Lowest
19.0%
Japan
Median
39.1%
Years covered
38
1987–2024
Data points
1,148
What the numbers show
Share of female researchers by sector of performance is currently reported for 52 countries. The highest value is 54.4% in North Macedonia; the lowest is 19.0% in Japan.
The median across all reporting countries is 39.1%, and the mean is 39.5%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 3.
Over the past decade 35 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Bosnia and Herzegovina (up 42.4%), and the largest decrease in Slovakia (down 7.5%).
Share of female researchers by sector of performance: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | North Macedonia | 54.4% | 2022 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 1 | North Macedonia | 54.4% | 2022 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 3 | Serbia | 52.7% | 2024 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 3 | Serbia | 52.7% | 2024 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 5 | Latvia | 49.3% | 2024 | down 5.2% | flat |
| 6 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 49.2% | 2021 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 7 | Iceland | 49.1% | 2023 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 7 | Croatia | 49.1% | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 9 | Lithuania | 49.0% | 2024 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 10 | Lithuania | 49.0% | 2023 | down 4.3% | flat |
| 11 | Croatia | 49.0% | 2024 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 12 | Latvia | 48.8% | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 13 | Montenegro | 48.0% | 2024 | down 2.3% | flat |
| 14 | Bulgaria | 47.8% | 2024 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 15 | Romania | 45.9% | 2024 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 16 | Portugal | 43.3% | 2024 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 17 | Estonia | 43.0% | 2023 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 18 | Spain | 41.6% | 2024 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 19 | Estonia | 41.1% | 2024 | down 6.7% | flat |
| 20 | Ireland | 40.3% | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 21 | Norway | 39.9% | 2024 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 22 | Slovakia | 39.8% | 2024 | down 6.3% | flat |
| 23 | Italy | 39.5% | 2024 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 24 | Slovakia | 39.5% | 2023 | down 7.5% | flat |
| 25 | Greece | 39.4% | 2024 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 26 | Russia | 39.1% | 2019 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 26 | Russia | 39.1% | 2019 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 28 | Cyprus | 38.7% | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 29 | United Kingdom | 38.6% | 2018 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 29 | United Kingdom | 38.6% | 2018 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 31 | Denmark | 38.0% | 2023 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 32 | Türkiye | 37.3% | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 33 | Slovenia | 36.8% | 2024 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 34 | Switzerland | 36.8% | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 35 | Poland | 36.6% | 2024 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 36 | Poland | 36.0% | 2023 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 37 | Slovenia | 35.9% | 2023 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 38 | Belgium | 34.7% | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 39 | Finland | 34.2% | 2024 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 40 | Sweden | 33.6% | 2023 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 41 | Malta | 33.6% | 2024 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 42 | Luxembourg | 32.1% | 2023 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 43 | Austria | 32.0% | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 44 | France | 30.8% | 2024 | up 17.7% | rising |
| 45 | Hungary | 30.6% | 2024 | up 0.7% | falling |
| 46 | Netherlands | 30.4% | 2024 | up 21.8% | rising |
| 47 | Netherlands | 30.2% | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 48 | Germany | 29.6% | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 49 | Czechia | 27.6% | 2024 | up 1.3% | flat |
| 50 | South Korea | 24.2% | 2024 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 51 | South Korea | 23.7% | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 52 | Japan | 19.0% | 2024 | up 29.1% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.