Share of female researchers by sector of performance by country
Countries reporting
50
Highest
54.4%
North Macedonia
Lowest
18.5%
Japan
Median
38.6%
Years covered
38
1987–2024
Data points
1,095
What the numbers show
Share of female researchers by sector of performance is currently reported for 50 countries. The highest value is 54.4% in North Macedonia; the lowest is 18.5% in Japan.
The median across all reporting countries is 38.6%, and the mean is 39.0%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 3.
Over the past decade 33 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Bosnia and Herzegovina (up 42.4%), and the largest decrease in Slovakia (down 7.5%).
Share of female researchers by sector of performance: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | North Macedonia | 54.4% | 2022 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 2 | Serbia | 52.7% | 2024 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 3 | Montenegro | 52.1% | 2019 | up 4.4% | flat |
| 4 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 49.2% | 2021 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 5 | Iceland | 49.1% | 2023 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 5 | Croatia | 49.1% | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 5 | Croatia | 49.1% | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 8 | Lithuania | 49.0% | 2023 | down 4.3% | flat |
| 8 | Lithuania | 49.0% | 2023 | down 4.3% | flat |
| 10 | Latvia | 48.8% | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 10 | Latvia | 48.8% | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 12 | Bulgaria | 48.6% | 2023 | down 2.1% | rising |
| 13 | Romania | 46.5% | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 43.3% | 2024 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 15 | Estonia | 43.0% | 2023 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 15 | Estonia | 43.0% | 2023 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 17 | Spain | 41.7% | 2023 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 18 | Ireland | 40.3% | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 19 | Greece | 39.6% | 2023 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 20 | Slovakia | 39.5% | 2023 | down 7.5% | flat |
| 20 | Slovakia | 39.5% | 2023 | down 7.5% | flat |
| 22 | Russia | 39.1% | 2019 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 22 | Russia | 39.1% | 2019 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 24 | Norway | 39.0% | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 25 | Cyprus | 38.7% | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 26 | United Kingdom | 38.6% | 2018 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 26 | United Kingdom | 38.6% | 2018 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 28 | Denmark | 38.0% | 2023 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 29 | Italy | 37.5% | 2023 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 30 | Türkiye | 37.3% | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 31 | Switzerland | 36.8% | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 32 | Malta | 36.0% | 2023 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 33 | Poland | 36.0% | 2023 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 33 | Poland | 36.0% | 2023 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 35 | Slovenia | 35.9% | 2023 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 35 | Slovenia | 35.9% | 2023 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 37 | Belgium | 34.7% | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 38 | Finland | 34.6% | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 39 | Sweden | 33.6% | 2023 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 40 | Luxembourg | 32.1% | 2023 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 41 | Austria | 32.0% | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 42 | France | 30.6% | 2023 | up 20.2% | rising |
| 43 | Netherlands | 30.2% | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 43 | Netherlands | 30.2% | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 45 | Hungary | 29.8% | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 46 | Germany | 29.6% | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 47 | Czechia | 27.6% | 2024 | up 1.5% | flat |
| 48 | South Korea | 23.7% | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 48 | South Korea | 23.7% | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 50 | Japan | 18.5% | 2023 | up 26.3% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.